316; gods of different religions
compared. 250; classified by com-
mon attributes, 254.
Gog and Magog, i. 386, etc.
Goguet, on degeneration and develop-
ment, i. 32.
Gold, worshipped, ii. 154.
Good and evil, rudimentary distinction
of, ii. 89, 318; good and evil spirits
and dualistic deities, 317.
Goodman's croft, ii. 408.
Graiæ, eye of, i. 352.
Great-eared tribes, i. 388.
Greek mythology and religion:-
nature-myths, i. 320, 328, 349;
funeral rites, 464, 490; future life,
ii. 53, 63, etc.; nature-spirits and
polytheism, 206, etc.; Zeus, 258,
etc., 355; Demeter, 273, 306;
Nereus, Poseidon, 277; Hephaistos,
Hestia, 284; Apollo, 294; Hekate,
Artemis, 302; stone-worship, 165;
sacrifice, 386, 396; orientation, 426;
lustration, 439.
Grey, Sir George, i. 322.
Grote, Mr., on mythology, i. 276, 400.
Grove-spirits, ii. 215.
Guarani, name of, i. 401.
Guardian spirits and angels, ii. 199.
Gulf of dead, ii. 62.
Gunthram, dream of, i. 442.
Gypsies, i. 49, 115.
Hades, under-world of departed souls,
i. 335, 340, ii. 65, etc., 81, 97, 309;
descent into, i. 340, 345, ii. 45, 54,
83; personification of, i. 340, ii. 55,
309, 311.
Haetsh, Kamchadal, ii. 46, 313.
Hagiology, ii. 120, 261; rising in air,
i. 151; miracles, i. 157, 371;
second-sight, i. 449; hagiolatry, ii.
120.
Hair, lock of, as offering, ii. 401.
Half-blood, succession of forbidden, i,
20.
Half men, tribes of, i. 391.
Haliburton, Mr., on sneezing-rite, i.
103.
Hamadryad, ii. 215.
Hand-numerals, from counting on fin-
gers, etc., i. 246.
Hanuman, monkey-god, i. 378.
Hara kari, i. 463.
Harmodius and Aristogiton, ii. 63.
Harpies, ii. 269.
Harpocrates, ii. 295.
Haruspication, i. 123, ii. 179.
Harvest-deity, ii. 305, 364, 368.
Hashish, ii. 379.
Head-hunting, Dayak, i. 459.
Headless tribes, myths of, i. 390.
Healths, drinking, i. 96.
Heart, related to soul, i. 431, ii. 152.
Heaven, region of departed souls, ii.
70.
Heaven and earth, universal father
and mother, i. 322, ii. 272, 345.
Heaven-god, and heaven-worship, i.
306, 322, ii. 255, etc., 337, etc.,
367, 395.
Hebrides, low culture in, i. 45.
Hekate, i. 150, ii. 302, 418.
Hel, death-goddess, i. 301, 347, ii. 88,
311.
Hell, ii. 56, 68, 97; related to Hades,
ii. 74, etc.; as place of torment,
not conception of savage religion,
Hellenic race-genealogy, i. 402.
Hellshoon, i. 491.
Hephaistos, ii. 212, 280.
Hera, ii. 305.
Herakles, ii. 294; and Hesione, i.
339.
Hermes Trismegistus, ii. 178.
Hermotimus, i. 439, ii. 13.
Hero-children suckled by beasts, i.
281.
Hesiod, Isles of Blest, ii. 63.
Hestia, ii. 284.
Hiawatha, poem of, i. 345, 361.
Hide-boiling, i. 44.
Hierarchy, polytheistic, ii. 248, 337,
319, etc.
Hissing, for silence, contempt, respect,
i. 197.
History, relation of myth to, i. 278,
416, ii. 447; criticism of, i. 280;
similarity of nature-myth to, 320.
Hole to let out soul, i, 453.
Holocaust, ii. 385, 396.
Holyoake, Holywood, etc., ii. 229.
Holy Sepulchre, Easter fire at, ii. 297.
Holy water, ii. 188, 439.
Holy wells, ii. 214.
Horne Tooke on interjections, i. 175.
Horse, sacrificed or led at funeral, i.
463, 473.
Horseshoes, against witches and
demons, i. 140.
House abandoned to ghost, ii. 25.
Hucklebones, i. 82.
Huitzilopochtli, ii. 254, 307.
Human sacrifice :-funerals, i. 458; to
deities. ii. 271, 385, 389, 398, 403.
Humboldt, W. v., on continuity, i.
19; on language, 236; on numerals,
253.
Hume, Natural History of Religion,
i. 477.
Huns, as giants, i. 386.
Hunting-calls, i. 181.
Hurricane, i. 363.
Hyades, i. 358.
Hysteria, etc., by possession, ii. 131,
etc.; induced, 419.
Iamblichus, i. 150, ii. 187.
Ideas: -Epicurean related to object-
souls, i. 497; Platonic related to
species-deities, ii. 244.
Idiots, inspired, ii. 117.
Idol, see Image.
Idolatry as related to fetishism, ii.
168.
Images-fallen from heaven, i. 157;
as substitutes in sacrifice, i. 463, ii.
405; fed and treated as alive, ii.
170; moving, weeping, sweating,
etc., 171; animated by spirits or
deities, 172.
Imagination, based on experience, i.
273, 298, 304.
Imitative words, i. 200; verbs, etc.,
of blowing, swelling, mumbling,
spitting, sneezing, eating, etc., 203,
etc.; names of animals, 206; names
of musical instruments, 208; verbs,
etc., of striking, cracking, clapping,
falling, etc., 211; prevalence of imi-
tative words in savage language,
212; imitative adaptation of words,
214.
Immateriality of soul, not conception
of lower culture, i. 456, ii. 198.
Immortality of soul, not conception of
lower culture, ii. 22.
Implements, inventions of, i. 64, etc.
Incas, myth of ancestry and civiliza-
tion, i. 288, 354, ii. 290, 301.
Incense, ii. 383.
Incubi and succubi, ii. 189.
Indigenes of low culture, i. 50, etc.;
considered as sorcerers, 113; myths
of, as monsters, 376, etc.
Indo-Chinese languages, musical pitch
of vowels, i. 169.
Indra, i. 320, ii. 265.
Infant, lustration of, ii. 430, etc.
Infernus, ii. 81.
Innocent VIII., bull against witch-
craft, i. 139, ii. 190.
Inspired idiot, ii. 128.
Interjectional words:-verbs, etc., of
wailing, laughing, insulting, com-
plaining, fearing, driving, etc., i.
187; hushing, hissing, loathing,
hating, etc., 197.
Interjections, i. 175; sense-words
used as, 176; directly expressive
sounds, 183.
Intoxicating liquor, absence of, i. 63.
Intoxication as a rite, ii. 417.
Inventions, development of, i. 14, 62;
myths of, 39, 392.
Iosco, Ioskeha and Tawiscara, myth
of, i. 288, 348, ii. 323.
Ireland, low culture in, i. 44.
Iron, charm against witches, elves,
etc., i. 140.
Islands, earth of, fatal to serpents, i.
372; of Blest, ii. 57.
Italian numeral series in English, i.
268.
Jameson, Mrs., on parables, i. 414.
Januarius, St., blood of, i. 157.
Jawbone, mythic, i. 344.
Jerome, St., ii. 428.
Jew's harp, vowels sounded with, i.
168.
John, St., Midsummer festival of, ii.
298.
Johnson, Dr., i. 6, ii. 24.
Jonah, i. 329.
Jones, Sir W., on nature-deities, ii.
253, 286.
Joss-sticks, ii. 384.
Journey to spirit-world, region of
dead, i. 481, ii. 44, etc.
Judge of dead, ii. 92, 314.
Julius Cæsar, i. 320.
Jupiter, i. 350, ii. 258, etc.
Kaaba, black stone of, ii. 166.
Kalewala, Finnish epic, ii. 46, 80, 93,
261.
Kali, ii. 425.
Kami religion of Japan, ii. 117, 301,
350.
Kang-hi on magnetic needle, i. 375.
Kathenotheism, ii. 354.
Keltic counting by scores continued in
French and English, i. 263.
Kepler on world-soul, ii. 354.
Kimmerian darkness, ii. 48.
Kissing, i. 63.
Kitchi Manitu and Matchi Manitu,
Great and Evil Spirit, ii. 324.
Klemm, Dr., on development of im-
plements, i. 64.
Kobong or totem, ii. 235.
Koran, i. 407, ii. 77, 296.
Kottabos, game of, i. 82.
Kronos swallowing children, i. 341.
Kynokephali, i. 389.
Language: i. 17, 236, ii. 445 :--di-
rectly expressive element in, i. 160;
correspondence of this in different
languages, 163; interjectional forms,
175; imitative forms, 200; diffe
rential forms, 220: children's lan-
guage, 223; origin and develop-
ment of language, 229; relation of
language to mythology,
gender, 301; language attributed
to birds, etc., 19, 469; place of
language in development of culture,
ii. 445.
Languedoc, etc., i. 193.
Last breath, inhaling, i. 433.
Laying ghosts, ii. 25, 153.
Legge, Dr., on Confucius, ii. 352.
Leibnitz, i. 2.
Lewes, Mr. G. H., i. 497.
Liebrecht, Prof. F.,) i. vii., 108, 177,
348-9, ii. 24, 164, 195, etc.
Life caused by soul, i. 436.
Light and darkness, analogy of good
and evil, ii. 324.
Likeness of relatives accounted for by
re-birth of soul, ii. 3.
Limbus Patrum, ii. 83.
Linnæus, name of, ii. 229.
Little Red Riding-hood, i. 341.
Loki, i. 83, 365.
Lots, divination and gambling by, i.
78.
Lubbock, Sir J.:-evidence of metal-
lurgy and pottery, against degenera.
tion-theory, i. 57; on low tribes de-
scribed as without religious ideas, i.
421; on water-worship, ii. 210; on
totem-worship, 236.
Lucian, i. 149, ii. 13, 52, 67, 302, 426.
Lucina, ii. 302, 305.
Lucretius, i. 40, 60.
Lunatics, demoniacal possession of, ii.
124, etc.
Lustration, by water and fire, ii. 429,
etc.; of new-born children, 430; of
women, 432; of those polluted by
blood or corpse, 433; general, 434,
Luther, on witches, i. 137; on guardian
angels, ii. 203.
Lyell, Sir C., on degeneration-theory,
i. 57.
Lying in state, of King of France, ii.
35.
Lyke wake dirge, i. 495.
M'Lennan, Mr., theory of totemism,
ii. 236.
Macrocosm, i. 350, ii. 354.
Madness and idiocy by possession, ii.
128, etc., 179.
Magic-origin and development, i.
112, 132; belongs to low level of
culture, 112; attributed to low
tribes, 113; based on association of
ideas, 116; processes of divination,
78, 118; relation to Stone Age, 127;
see Fetishism.
Magnetic Mountain, philosophical
myth of, i. 374.
Maine, Sir H. S., i. 20.
Maistre, Count de, on degeneration in
culture, i. 35; astrology, 128; ani-
mation of stars, 291.
Makrokephali, i. 391.
Malleus Maleficarum, ii. 140, 191.
Man, primitive condition of, i. 21, ii.
443; see Savage.
Man of the woods, bushman, orang-
utan, i. 381.
Man swallowed by monster, nature-
myth of, i. 335, etc.
Manco Ccapac, i. 354.
Manes and manes-worship, i. 98, 143,
434, ii. 8, 111, etc., 129, 162, 307,
364; theory of, ii. 113, etc.; divine
ancestor or first man as great deity,
311, 347.
Manichæism, ii. 14, 330.
Manitu, ii. 249, 324, 341.
Manoa, golden city of, ii. 249.
Manu, laws of :- ordeal by water, i.
141; pitris, ii. 119.
Marcus Curtius, leap of, ii. 378.
Margaret, St., i. 340.
Markham, Mr. C. R., i. vii., ii. 263, 337,
366, 392, etc.
Marriages in May, i. 70.
Mars, ii. 308.
Martius, Dr., on dualism, ii. 325.
Maruts, Vedic, i. 362, ii. 268.
Master of life or breath, ii. 60, 339,
etc., 365.
Materiality of soul, i. 453; of spirit,
ii. 198.
Maui, i. 335, 343, 360, ii. 253, 267,
279.
Maundevile, Sir John, i. 375, ii.
45.
Medicine, of N. A. Indians, ii. 154,
200, 233, 372, etc., 411.
Meiners, History of Religions, ii. 27,
48, etc.
Melissa, i. 491.
Men descended from apes, myths of,
i. 376; men with tails, 383.
Menander, guardian genius, ii. 201.
Merit and demerit, Buddhist, ii. 12, 98.
Messalians, i. 103.
Metaphor, i. 234, 297; myths from,
Metaphysics, relation of animism to,
i. 497, ii. 242, 311.
Metempsychosis. i. 379, 409, 469, 476,
ii. 2; origin of, ii. 16.
Micare digitis, i. 75.
Middleton, Dr., i. 157, ii. 121.
Midgard-snake, ii. 241.
Midsummer festival, ii. 298.
Milk and blood, sacrifices of, ii. 48;
see Blood.
Milky Way, myths of, i. 359, ii. 72.
Mill, Mr. J. S., on ideas of number, i.
240.
Milton, on eponymic kings of Britain,
i. 400.
Minne, drinking, i. 96.
Minucius Felix, on spirits, etc., ii. 179.
Miracles, i. 276, 371, ii. 121.
Mithra, i. 351, ii. 293, 297.
Moa, legend of, ii. 50.
Mohammed, legend of, i. 407.
Moloch, ii. 281, 403.
Money borrowed to be repaid in next
life, i. 491.
Monkeys, preserved as dwarfs, i. 388;
see Apes.
Monotheism, ii. 331.
Monster, driven off at eclipse, i. 328;
hero or maiden devoured by, 335.
Monstrous mythic human tribes, ape-
like, tailed, gigantic and dwarfish,
noseless, great-eared, dog-headed,
etc., i. 376, etc.; their ethnological
significance, 379, etc.
Month's mind, i. 83.
Moon:- omens and influence by
changes, i. 130; myths of, 288, 354;
inconstant, 354; changes typical
of death and new life, i. 354, ii.
300; moon-myths common to S.
Africa and Fiji, i. 354, and to Bengal
and Malay Peninsula, 356; moon
abode of departed souls, ii. 70.
Moon-god and moon-worship, i. 289,
ii. 299, etc., 323.
Moral and social condition of low
tribes, i. 29, etc.
Moral element in culture, i. 28; ab-
sent or scanty in lower religions, i.
427, ii. 361; divides lower from
higher religions, ii. 361; introduced
in funeral sacrifice, i. 495; in trans-
migration, ii. 12; in future life, 85,
etc.; in dualism, 316, etc.; in prayer,
373; in sacrifice, 386, etc.; in lus-
tration, 429.
Morals and Law, ii. 448.
Morbid imagination related to myth,
i. 305.
Morbid excitement for religious pur-
Morning and evening stars, myths of,
i. 344, 350.
Morra, game of, in Europe and China,
i. 75.
Morzine, demoniacal possessions at, i.
152, ii. 141.
Mound-builders, i. 56.
Mountain, abode of departed souls on,
ii. 60, ascending for rain, 260.
Mouth of Night and Death, myths of,
i. 347.
Müller, Prof. J. G., on future life, ii.
90, etc.
Müller, Prof. Max:-on language and
myth, i. 299; funeral rites of Brah-
mans, 466; heaven-god, ii. 258;
353; sun-myth of Yama, 314;
Chinese religion, 352; katheno-
theism, 354.
Mummies, ii. 19, 34, 151.
Musical instruments named from
sound, i. 208.
Musical tone used in language, i. 168,
174.
Mutilation of soul with body, i. 451.
Mythology:-i. 23, 273, etc.; forma-
tion and laws of, 273, etc.; alle-
gorical interpretation, 277; mixture
with history, 278; rationalization,
euhemerism, etc., 278; classifica-
tion and interpretation, 281, 317,
etc.; nature-myths, 284, 316, etc.;
personification and animation of
nature, 285; grammatical gender as
related to, 301; personal names of
objects as related to, 303; morbid
delusion, 305; similarity of nature.
myths to real history, 319; his-
torical import of mythology, i. 416,
ii. 446; its place in culture, ii. 446;
philosophical myths, i. 366; expla-
natory legends, 392; etymological
myths, 395; eponymic myths, 399;
legends from fancy and metaphor,
405; realized or pragmatic legends,
407; allegory and parables, 408.
Myths:-myth-riddles, i. 93; origin of
sneezing-rite, 101; foundation-sacri-
fice, 104; heroes suckled by beasts,
281; sun, moon, and stars, 288,
etc.; eclipse, 288; water-spout, 292;
sand-pillar, 293; rainbow, 293, 297;
waterfalls, rocks, etc., 295; disease,
death, pestilence, 295; phenomena
of nature, 297, 320; heaven and
earth, i. 322, ii. 345; sunrise and
sunset, day and night, death and
life, i. 335, ii. 48, 62, 322; moon,
inconstant, typical of death, i. 353;
civilization-legends, 39, 353; winds,
i. 361, ii. 266; thunder, i. 362, ii.
264; men and apes, development
and degeneration, i. 378; ape-men,
379; men with tails, 382; giants
and dwarfs, 385; monstrous men,
389; personal names introduced,
394; race genealogies of nations,
402; beast fables, 409; visits to
spirit-world, ii. 46, etc.; giant with
soul in egg, 153; transformation
into trees, 219; dualistic myth of
two brothers, 320.
Nagas, serpent-worshippers, ii. 218,
Names:-of children in numerical
series, i. 254; of objects as related
to myth, 303; of personal heroes in-
troduced into myths, 394; of places,
tribes, countries, etc., myths formed
from, 396; ancestral names given to
children, ii. 4; name-giving cere-
monials, ii. 429.
Natural religion, i. 427, ii. 103, 356.
Nature, conceived of as personal and
animated, i. 285, 478, ii. 184.
Nature-deities, polytheistic, ii. 255,
376.
Nature-myths, i. 284, 316, etc., 326.
Nature-spirits, elves, nymphs, etc., ii.
184, 204, etc.
Necromancy, i. 143, 312, 446; see
Manes.
Negative and affirmative particles, i.
192.
Negroes re born as whites, ii. 5.
Neo or Hawaneu, ii. 333.
Neptune, ii. 276.
Nereus, ii. 274.
Neuri, i. 313.
New birth of soul, ii. 3.
Newton, Sir Isaac, on sensible species,
i. 498.
Nicene Council, spirit-writing at, i.
Nicodemus, Gospel of, ii. 54.
Niebuhr, on origin of culture, i. 41.
Night, myths of, i. 334, ii. 48, 61.
Nightmare-demon, ii. 189, 193.
Nilsson, Prof., on development of
culture, i. 61, 64.
Nix, water-demon, i. 110, ii. 213.
Norns or Fates, i. 352.
Noseless tribes, i. 388.
Notation, arithmetical, quinary, deci-
mal, vigesimal, i. 261.
Numerals-low tribes only to 3 or 5,
i. 242; derivation of numerals from
counting fingers and toes, 246;
from other significant objects, 251;
series of number-names of children,
254; new formation of numerals,
255; etymology of, 259, 270;
numerals borrowed from foreign
languages, 266; initials of numerals,
used as figures, 269; see Notation.
Nympholepsy, ii. 137.
Nymphs-water-nymphs, ii. 212;
tree-nymphs, 219, 227.
Objectivity of dreams and visions, i.
442, 479; abandoned, 500.
Objects treated as personal, i. 286,
477, ii. 205; souls or phantoms of
objects, i. 478, 497, ii. 9; dispatched
to dead by funeral sacrifice, i. 481.
Occult sciences, see Magic.
Odin, or Woden, as heaven god, i.
351, 362, ii. 269; one-eyed, i. 351.
Odysseus, unbinding of, i. 153;
descent to Hades, 346, ii. 48, 65.
Ohio, Ontario, i. 190.
Ojibwa, myth of, i. 345, ii. 46.
Oki, demon, ii. 208, 255, 342.
Old man of sea, ii. 277.
Omens, i. 97, 118, etc., 145, 449.
Omophore, Manichæan, i, 365.
One-eyed tribes, i. 391.
Oneiromancy, i. 121.
Opening to let out soul, i. 453.
Ophiolatry, see Serpent-worship.
Ophites, ii. 242.
Oracles, i. 94, ii. 411; by inspiration
or possession, ii. 124, etc., 179.
Orang-utan, i. 381.
Ordeal by fire, i. 85; by sieve and
shears, 128; by water, 140; by
bear's head, ii. 231.
Ordinal numbers, i. 257.
Oregon, Orejones, i. 389.
Origin of language, i. 231; numerals,
247.
Orion, i. 358, ii. 81.
Orientation, solar rite or symbolism,
ii. 422.
Ormuzd, ii. 283, 328.
Orpheus and Eurydike, i. 346, ii. 48.
Osiris, ii. 67, 295; and Isis, i. 289.
Otiose supreme deity, ii. 320, 336, etc.
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