2751b-53 2762-66 281 end 2-4 2811-15 2816-20 An insertion in Mk.'s narrative. Editorial. Judas and the blood money. Quotation. Pilate's wife. Pilate washes his hands. The resurrection of the dead Saints. The sealing of the Tomb. The bribing of the guard. This may be classified as follows: 14. 15 (a) Editorial 11-17 314. 32-34. 35-36 102a IIla. 12-14. 20 1-2. 13a. 14a. 33? 26. 27-311 123-25 4" 51-2. 728a 81-5a 926. 1222-23 1314-15. 14-15. 18. 86a. 53 1523-25. -23-25. 30-31 162b-3. (if genuine) 11b-12. 22b 176-7.13 19la. 10-11 2016 2114. 19 end 43. 44 (if genuine) 2233.34 231 24301 261. 44. 52-54 2736.48 281 θεωρῆσαι τὸν τάφον, 24. 11-17 is a compilation of the editor, and 423-25 and 935. 36 (♡ are from his hand. 314. 15 is inserted by him into a section from Mk., but may, of course, rest on tradition. 51.2 are probably due to him. For 513. 13a. 14a. 33 see the notes. 728a and the similar formulas IIla 1353 191a and 261 are probably from his hand. 81 and perhaps 5a, see p. 73, are editorial connecting links. 926 and 81 are due to the 102a is an editorial link. 32-34 1530-31 hand if they are 176-7 are due to so less probably editor, and 928-30. may be his work. So is 1120 probably. 1112-14 is probably due to the editor, but 13-14 embody traditional logia. 1222-23 may be the editor's work. 1314-15 are from his hand, and so is 1318, and probably 36a 1523-25 may be his work, or may rest upon a non-Marcan source. are due to him. 162b-8 and 2144 are from his genuine. 1611b-12 are his work, and so is 1622b. revision of Mk. 1910 is probably editorial, and is v.11. 2016 is an editorial repetition of 1980. 2114 is due to editorial revision of Mk. 21156-16 may be due to tradition. kai éέŋpávon mapaɣpîμa ý σvkî, is editorial, and so is v.43. 231 is due to the editor. So probably are 243 30 2644.52-54 2748 is inserted by him, and 281 end to are due to revision of Mk. 2119 (3) Sayings inserted into a section borrowed from Mk. : 314-15 913 125-7. 1512-13. 162-3. 17-19 1720 184.10 (c) Sayings peculiar to this Gospel in one of the great discourses formed by the editor on the basis of short discourses recorded by Mk., or in the Sermon on the Mount, or in chs. 11 or 23. 54. 5. 7. 8. 9. 10. 14. 16. 17. 19-20. 21-24. 27-28. 31. 33-37. 38-39a. 41. 43 61-7. 8. 10b. 13b. 16-18. 34 251-13. 14-30. 31-46 (d) Other sayings: 201-16 21 128-32 221-14. (e) Incidents: 118-25 2. 1428-81 1724-27 2110.11 2652-54 273-10. 19. 24-25. 51a-53. 62-66 289-10. 11-15. 16-20 (f) Quotations from the Old Testament: 123 215. 18. 23 41 13-16 817 1217-21 1385 214.5 279. It will be noticed that the great majority of the sayings tabulated under and have a common character. They are (a) parabolic, or (b) anti-Pharisaic, or (c) strongly Jewish-Christian, or (d) couched in Jewish phraseology. Thus (a) Parables: If we 1324-30. 24-30. 36-43. 44. 45-46. 47-50 1823-35 201-16 221-14 251-18. 14-30 count 251-30 as one section, all these parables are introduced by similar formulas of a type which finds parallels in the Rabbinical literature. 1324 Ωμοιώθη, 31. 44. 45. 47 ὁμοία ἐστίν, 1823 ὡμοιώθη, 201 ὁμοία ἐστίν, 221 ὡμοιώθη, 251 τότε ὁμοιωθήσεται. In all except the last the subject is ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν. (b) Anti-Pharisaic: 520 "except your righteousness' surpass that of the scribes and Pharisees." 61-8. 16-18 By the "hypocrites" of this section the Pharisees are no doubt intended. 913a 102 25b 125-7 "mercy and not sacrifice," cf. v.11. It was the Pharisees (1224) who called the master of the house Beelzeboul. occur in an anti-Pharisaic context, cf. 122. 1211-12a 1512-13 2143 also in an anti-Pharisaic context. "the kingdom shall be taken from you." Cf. v.45 "the chief priests and the Pharisees." 231-3. 5. 7b-11. 15-22. 24. 28. 32-33 are directly anti-Pharisaic. (c) Jewish-Christian : 517. 523-24 532 610b 76 7126 19. 21-22. 27-28. 31. 33-37. 38-39a. 43. The Mosaic law to be "ful 715 722 105b-8. 23 1041 1352 1523-24 1816 199 1928 24,20 every scribe." "I was not sent but to the lost sheep of the house of Israel." "two witnesses " to conform to the law. (εἰ μὴ ἐπὶ πορνεία represents Christ as reaffirming the Mosaic law. "judging the twelve tribes of Israel." μηδὲ σαββάτῳ. The Mosaic law is to be observed. (d) Coloured by Jewish phraseology: 183.4 1810 1814 σὰρξ καὶ αἷμα—ὁ πατὴρ ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς—πύλαι ᾅδου τῆς βασιλείας τῶν οὐρανῶν—δήσῃς—λύσης, and the contrast ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς—ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς. ἐν τῇ βασίλειᾳ τῶν οὐρανῶν. τοῦ πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς. θέλημα ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς. 1 The editor probably inserted unde oaßßáry into Mk 1218 because he found a saying with this addition in the Logia. In the same way he has inserted (el) μǹ ènì wopvelą, 199, into Mk 101l, because a parallel saying which he has inserted in 532 was to be found in the Logia with a similar limitation. 1816-20 1928 "Two witnesses," "binding and loosing," "earth and heaven," "My Father who is in heaven." ἐν τῇ παλιγγενεσία ὅταν καθίσῃ ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐπὶ θρόνου δόξης αὐτοῦ. To these may be added 811-12, which is Jewish-Christian (" with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob"), and anti-Pharisaic ("the sons of the kingdom") in character, and which seems to have been inserted by the editor into its present context. The following phrases are characteristic of these passages: (1) ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν, 510. 19 (2). 20 811 107 1324. 44. 45. 47. 52 1619 188. 4. 23 1912 201 222 251. We might on that account add to our list 58, which differs in language from Lk 620; 721, which differs from Lk 646; 1112, which differs from Lk 1616; and 2313, which differs from Lk 1152. The phrase occurs in these passages 23 times, and elsewhere in the Gospel 9 times, viz. 32 417 IIll 1311. 81. 83 181 1914. 28. In 32 417 1311. 311 181 1914. 23 the editor has inserted the phrase into Marcan passages. The two remaining verses, 1111 and 1383, might, with some probability, be added to our list. We might on this account add to our list 545 (which differs from Lk 685) 69 711. 21 1032. 33. The phrase only occurs besides in 1250, where it is substituted for Mk.'s Toû coû. (3) πατὴρ ὁ οὐράνιος : 1513 1835 239. We might on this account add to the list 548 (which differs from Lk 636) 614. 26. 32. The phrase occurs nowhere else. We might on this account add 545.48 69. 14. 15. 26. 32 711 and 1029, which differs from Lk 126. It is not unreasonable to suppose that these verses, characterised as they are for the most part by special features, and distinguished by the use of two or three striking Jewish phrases, came as a whole, or in large part, from a single source.1 And here, if anywhere, the information of Papias can assist us. He speaks of a compilation put together in Hebrew or Aramaic by Matthew containing rà λóyta. On the other hand, we find in our Gospel a number of sayings of marked Palestinian characteristics and phraseology. If the editor of the Gospel borrowed these from the Matthæan document, whether it lay before him in its original form or in a Greek translation, we have at once an explanation of the reason why the name Matthew attached itself 1 Cf. E. De Witt Burton, Principles of Literary Criticism and the Synoptic Problem, p. 41. I have been much indebted to this book. to the first Gospel, of which these sayings form a substantial proportion. Of course, if there be sufficient reason for supposing that the editor used this Matthæan source, it will then be probable that he borrowed from it some of the sayings which he has in common with Lk., but in a different form and context. Whilst he drew them from a Greek translation of the Logia, Lk. will have drawn them from other sources into which they had passed from the Matthæan collection. The following would be not out of harmony with the tenor of many of the Logian sayings: 518 not a jot or tittle to pass from the law." Cf. Lk 1617. 532 Cf. Lk 1618, who has not the limitation Tapeкtòs λóyov πορνείας. 69-13 the Lord's Prayer. The prayer as found in a different 234. 23. 25-26. 27. 29-31. 34-36. All anti-Pharisaic. Cf. Lk 11 a different context. 39-52 in 512 Anti-Pharisaic: "they persecuted the prophets." Cf. 2332-33. I venture, therefore, to assign the following to the Matthæan Logia: 53-12 * * 513-16 Probably not in Sermon. 521-24 525-26 Probably not in Sermon. 529-30 Probably not in Sermon. 715-23 |