stories; the other dwellings are all of them low mud-huts. Here is a fine temple or grotto, excavated in the solid rock: Lg. 32.24 E, Lt. 22.38 N.

DEIZABAD, a town of Asia, Persia, in Irak, 90 m N Ispahan.

DEKNALL, a town of Asia, Hindostan, Orissa, 40 m NNW Cuttack.

DELAGOA, or LORENZO-MARQUES, a bay of Africa, on the E coast, NE end of Natal; cattle and poultry very cheap; it is frequented by South-sea whale fishermen ; 1000

m NE Cape-of-Good-Hope: about Lg. 33 E, Lt. 25.30 s.

DELAWARE, 6 in North America, United States.-1st, one of the states, bounded N by Pennsylvania, s and w by Maryland, E by Delaware-bay and the Atlantic; divided into 3 counties, New-Castle, Kent, and Sussex; country low and level, very fertile along the Delaware; P. 76,739.-2nd, a county, state New York, N district, containing 18 towns; P. 32,933.-3rd, a county, state Pennsylvania; P. 17,361; county-town Chester. 4th, a county-town, state Ohio, Delaware county; P. 532.-5th, a county, state Ohio; P. 11,523.-6th, a county, state Indiana; P. 2372, all in 1830.

DELFSHAVEN, a town of Holland, province South-Holland, near the Maas, at the commencement of a canal to Delft, between Rotterdam and Schiedam, about 3 m from each.

DELFT, a town of Holland, province South-Holland, well built with canals in the streets, planted on each side with trees. Here are 2 churches, in one of which is the noble monument of William I, prince of Orange, who was assassinated in 1584. It was formerly celebrated for its potteries, which are now of little account. Delft is the birthplace of the renowned Grotius, in 1583. It is seated on the Schie, 8 m Nw Rotterdam; P. 10,000.

DELFZUYL, a town and fortress of Holland, province Groningen, with a good harbour. It is seated on the Damster, at its entrance into the estuary of the Ems, 18 m ENE Groningen: Lg. 6.53 E, Lt. 53.20 N.

DELHI, a province of Asia, Hindostan, 240 m long by 180, bounded on the N by Lohore, NE by Serinagur, SE by Oude, s by Agra, and w by Ajmeer. Having been the seat of continual wars during the 18th century, it is almost depopulated; and a tract of country that possesses, in general, every advantage that can be derived from nature, is but little cultivated. The principal rivers are the Ganges and Jumna, which enter on the NE border. The province is partitioned in the following manner; all to the E of the Jumna, with a district round the city of Delhi, are possessed by the British; the sw

is occupied by the raja of Alvar and several native chiefs and the Nw by a number of Seik chiefs and other native princes. From this period the city of Delhi and its district has, in reality, been subject to the British government; but they are nominally under the authority of the emperor of Hindostan, and are now all that remains to the great Mogul of his once extensive empire.

DELHI, a city of Asia, Hindostan, capital of Delhi, and nominal capital of all Hindostan, and was actually so during the greater part of the time since the Mahome. dan conquest. In 1738, when Nadir Shah invaded Hindostan, he entered Delhi, and dreadful were the massacres and famine that followed. The same calamities were endured in 1761, on the invasion of Abdalla, king of Candahar. In 1788, the emperor Shah Allum was blinded here with a dagger by Gholaum Kaudir, the Rohillah, who also tortured, starved to death, and massacred many of the royal-family. A few months afterward he was put to death with tortures by Madhajee Sindia. The city continued subject to the Mahrattas till 1803, when they were defeated here by general Lake, and the blind emperor was restored to his throne, which he held to his death in 1806, and was then succeeded by his son Acber: Delhi, in the time of its splendour, covered a space of 20 m, from the appearance of the ruins. The present city is built on the left bank of the Jumna, and is about 7 m in circuit, surrounded on three sides by a wall of brick and stone, in which are seven gates. The palace stands on the bank of the river, surrounded by a wall of red stone, about a mile in circuit. Adjoining it is a fortress, now in ruins, and there are many splendid remains of palaces with baths and gardens. The grand mosque is a magnificent edifice of marble and red freestone, and there are 40 others of an inferior size. The streets are in general narrow, except two that lead from the palace to different gates: and there are many good houses, mostly of brick. The bazaars are but indifferently supplied, and the trade is trifling. cloths and indigo are manufactured here, and caravans arrive annually from Cashmere and Cabul with shawls, fruit, and horses. Precious stones of a good quality are to be had at Delhi. It is 820 m NW Calcutta: Lg. 77.5 E, Lt. 28.41 N.

Cotton

DELITZCH, a post-town of Saxony, 2 German m N by w Leipzig, post-road to Berlin; manufactures worsted stockings.

DELAMCOTTA, a fortress of Asia, Hindostan, in Bootan, commanding the principal pass from Bengal, 77 m sw Tassisudon; taken by assault by the British in 1773: about Lg. 88.32 E, Lt. 26.59 N.

DELMENHORST, a town of Oldenburg,

or

DELOS OF DILI, an island of Turkey, in the Archipelago, 6 m circuit, covered with ruins, and uninhabited: Lg. 25.12 E, Lt. 37.38 N.

DELPHI, a town of the kingdom of Greece, in Lividia, department Attica-andBetia, 18 m WNW Lividia, once a city famous for the oracle of Apollo, and the celebration of the Pythian games. It is now the most extraordinary place in all Greece for antiquities and natural curiosities. Its remains cover an eminence, at the foot of a lofty precipice of Mount Parnassus.

DELTA, Africa, a part of Lower-Egypt, enclosed between the extreme branches of the Nile and the Mediterranean; so called from its triangular form, resembling the Greek letter of that name. The same term is frequently applied to the mouths of the Ganges, the Indus, and other large rivers.

DELVINO, a town of Europe, Turkey, Albania, capital of a pachalic, 24 m wNw Joanina, on an eminence.

DEMAWEND, a town of Asia, Persia, province Mazanderan, 36 m E Teheran, 100 wsw Sari, in a vale, surrounded by mountains: one of them, called Demawend, is constantly covered with snow.

DEMERARA, South America, province Dutch-Guyana, on the Demerara, near Esquibo: the river is 2 m wide at its mouth, defended by a fort on the E bank, and navigable upward of 200 m. The country produces coffee, sugar-canes, and the finest kinds of wood. It was taken from the Dutch by the British in 1796 and in 1803; and ceded to them by the Dutch in 1814. This settlement and that of Essequibo form one government, and the capital is Starbrock.

DEMIRTASH, a castle of Europe, Turkey, near Adrianople, one of the residences of Charles XII of Sweden after his defeat at Pultawa.

DEMONA, VAL, Sicily; see Val-De

ΜΟΝΑ.

DEMOTICA, or DIMOTUC, a town of Europe, Turkey, in Romania, near the Marictsche, 12 m s Adrianople; residence of a Greek archbishop, and where Charles the Twelfth remained during some years.

DENAIN, a village of France, department du-Nord, on the Scheld, 6 m sw Valenciennes.

DENBIGH, a town of Wales, county Denbigh, on the side of a rocky hill, above the vale Clywd, 27 m w Chester, 218 m Nw London; manufactures gloves and shoes. It has the ruins of a castle; P. 3786.

DENBIGH, & county of Wales, bounded

on the N by the Irish-sea, NE by Flintshire, E by Shropshire, s by Merionethshire and Montgomeryshire, and w by Carnarvonshire, 48 m long by 20 in its broadest part, contains 467,840 acres ; is divided into 6 hundreds, and 59 parishes; has 3 markettowns, and returns 2 county and 1 borough pal rivers are the Clywd, Elwy, Dee, and M.P., and has 5 polling-places. Its princiClywd being extremely fertile, which is not Conway. The soil is various; the vale of the case with the E part of the country, and the w is nearly barren. The products are corn, cheese, cattle, lead, and coal: the assizes are held at Ruthin, and the largest town is Wrexham; P. 60,352 in 1801, and 83,167 in 1831.

DENDERA, a town of Africa, Egypt, near the left bank of the Nile, 260 m s by E Cairo, residence of an Arabian prince, who takes the title of Emir. It was anciently called Tentyra, and from the ruins that are seen, appears to have been a large city; its temple is deemed the most magnificent in the country, and many parts are in a good state of preservation: supplies most part of Egypt with charcoal.

DENDERMONDE, a fortified town of Holland, province East-Flanders, with a strong citadel. It was taken by the allies in 1706, and the Dutch put a garrison into it as one of the barrier towns. The French took it in 1745, and again in 1794. It is surrounded by marshes and fine meadows, which can be covered with water; at the conflux of the Dender with the Scheld, 16 m w Mechelen: Lg. 4.7 E, Lt. 51.2 N.

DENIA, a town of Spain, province Valencia, with a bad harbour, 47 m NE Alicant; its trade is in corn, almonds, and raisins.

DENMARK, a kingdom in the north of Europe, the continental part of which consists of Jutland, Sleswick, Holstein, and Lauenburg, and the insular part of Zealand, Funen, Langeland, Falster, Laaland, Bornholm, Moen, and a number of smaller islands in the Baltic. Area about 22,000 square miles. There are various appendages to the crown of Denmark, viz. Iceland and the Faroe isles in Europe: a part of Greenland; Christiansburg, and other small places on the coast of Guinea; Tranguebar on the coast of Coromandel; with factories in the Nicobar islands; Santa-Cruz, St. Thomas, and St. John, in the West-Indies. The principal towns are Copenhagen and Elsinore in Zealand; Odensee in Funen; Aalborg and Colding in Jutland; Flensborg and Tonnington in Sleswick; Altona and Kiel in Holstein. Continental Denmark forms a long continued plain, interrupted by few hills, or even gently rising grounds. It is watered by no rivers of magnitude, but the lakes are numerous, and

several winding creeks and bays, which are of essential benefit to navigation. The channels which separate the principal islands from the mainland, and from one another, are the two Belts and the Sound. The climate is uniformly temperate; the soil produces oats, barley, beans, peas, and above all, potatoes; wheat is but partially cultivated; madder abundant and good; the tobacco plantations in Jutland have succeeded; manufactures inconsiderable. In regard to navigation, favourably as the Danes were situated for it, the Hanse towns in the middle ages, and after them the

Dutch, absorbed this branch of industry: it was not till the close of the 17th century

that the Danes traded with distant countries in vessels of their own. But since the peace of Stockholm 1720, the policy of Denmark has been decidedly pacific, and its commerce has greatly increased. A return made in the year 1800, showed that there then belonged to this small state above 2000 merchantmen, 250,000 tons of shipping, and 20,000 seamen. The navigation and trade of Denmark has increased greatly during the last century, chiefly directed to the adjacent coasts of the Baltic, partly to England, Holland, France, and the Mediterranean; to the latter they take quantities of dried fish, and are occasionally employed in the carrying trade. The whale fishery likewise gives employment to a portion of their seamen, as well as the more distant voyages to India and China; in the West-India trade they have about 70 sail of merchantmen. The revenue of Denmark is between 1,500,000l. and 2,000,000l.: the national debt 15,000,0007. The military force is somewhat above 20,000 men; the naval only 4000 in actual service. The esta blished religion is the Lutheran; it was introduced so early as 1536. The penal statutes against dissenters were formerly severe; but at present there exists complete toleration; P. 1,800,000.

DENT, a village and township of Eng. land, county West-York, 5 m SE Sedbergh; P. 1840. Polling-place.

DENTON, a county-town of North America, United States, state Maryland, Caroline county, on the Choptank, 37 m ssE Chester.

DEPTFORD, a town of England, county Kent, on the s side of the Thames, above Greenwich, from which it is divided by the Ravensborne, on which are 2 bridges, 1 of stone and the other of iron. Anciently called Deptford-Strond, or West-Greenwich, divided into Upper and Lower-Deptford; with 2 churches, but no market. It has a fine royal dock-yard, now shut up; and since the late war has fallen much into decay; there are many whole streets almost totally uninhabited." A hospital incorporated by Henry VIII, is called Trinity

House, by which the brethren hold their charter, and are obliged at certain times to meet here for business. This hospital contains 21 houses; and a more modern structure, and a finer one, called Trinity Hospi tal, contains 38. Both these are for decayed pilots, or masters of ships, or their widows; P. 19,795.

DERBEND, Asia, Russia, capital of Daghistan, with a fort on a rock, and haven on the Caspian-sea, on the site of ancient Albania, surrounded by high brick walls, 120 m N Schamachi, 180 E Teflis; P. 4000, chiefly Russians, Jews, Tartars, and ArmeLg. 48.20 E, Lt. 42.5 N.

nians. It has a trade in saffron about

DERBY, a county town of England, county Derby, on the Derwent, over which is a stone bridge; governed by a mayor, with a market on Friday; returns 2 M.P.; 16 m w Nottingham, and 127 NNW London a canal hence to the Trent: it has 5 churches, of which the chief is All-Saints, noted for its beautiful tower. In 1734, a machine was erected here by sir Thomas Lombe for the manufacturing of silk, the model of which was brought from Italy, and it was the first of the kind in England; Derby possesses also a considerable manufacture of cotton, and fine worsted stockings, and has a fabric of fine porcelain: several hands are employed in the lapidary and jewellery branches, and Derbyshire marbles, spars, and crystals, are wrought into a variety of ornamental articles; the malting trade is likewise carried on here. The rebels came as far as this town in 1745, and then returned to Scotland; P. 23,607: Lg. 1.25 w, Lt. 52.58 N. Polling-place.

DERBY, 2 in North America, United States:-1st, state Connecticut, New-Haven county; P. 2253, in 1830.- 2nd, a town, state Pennsylvania, Dauphine county, on the Swalexa, 2 m above its junction with the Susquehana, 10 m SE Harrisburg.

DERBYSHIRE, a county of England, bounded N by Yorkshire, E by Nottinghamshire, s by Leicestershire and Warwickshire, w by Staffordshire, and Nw by Cheshire; extends 59 m from N to S, and 34 where broadest, but in the s part is not above 6; contains about 656,640 acres ; is divided into 6 hundreds, and 188 parishes; has '11 market-towns, and returns 4 county and 2 borough M.P., and has 10 polling-places. The s and E parts are pleasant and fertile, producing most kinds of grain, particularly barley; the Nw part, called the Peak, is abundantly rich, for the mountains abound in minerals, and the intermediate valleys are fruitful in grass; barytes, or ponderous earth, is found here in great quantities: the principal rivers are, the Derwent, Dove, Erwash, and Trent; P. 161,142 in 1801, and 237,170 in 1831.

DEREHAM, EAST, a town of England, county Norfolk, 16 m w Norwich, 101 NNE London, with a market on Friday; it has an ancient church, 4 chapels, and a curious fort: P. 3946. Polling-place.

DEREHAM, a township of North America, Upper-Canada, between lake Erie and the Thames; very fertile.

DERNA, a seaport town of Africa, Barbary, on the s coast of the Mediterranean, capital of Barca; the residence of a sangiac, with a castle, in a fertile country, on the w side of a bay, which affords good anchorage for large vessels, but is exposed to NE winds: Lg. 21.56 E, Lt. 32.46 N.

DEROTE, a town of Africa, Egypt, 50 m NNW Cairo, with a grand temple, on an isle formed by the canal from Rosetta to Cairo.

DERPT; see DORPDT.

DERRY; see LONDONDERRY. DESEADA, OF DESIRADA, an island of North America, one of the Carribees, 10 m long by 5; Lg. 61.20 w, Lt. 16.40 N.

DESSAU, a post-town and capital of the principality of Anhalt, on the Mulda, near its junction with the Elbe, 28 m SE Magdeburg; the chief buildings are, the prince's castle, 2 Calvinist and 1 Lutheran church, a Catholic meeting-house, and a synagogue; P. 9400 Lg. 12.17.1 E, Lt. 51.50.6 N.

DESSERTE, a colony of foreigners, Russia, government Saratof, on the Great-Caraman; 44 Roman-Catholic families.

DESTERRO, a town of South America, Brazil, capital of the island and province Sta. Catharina; it is large and populous; on the w side of the island, within a bay, on uneven ground between two rocks, 429 m sw St. Sebastian; the streets are irregular; has 1 church, 3 chapels, a hospital, and military barracks; manufactures earthenware, coarse linen, and cotton: Lg. 47.30 w, Lt. 27.40 s.

DETMOLD, a post-town and capital of Lippe-Detmold, on the Werre, 49 m NNE Padderborn, on the post-road to Minden; well-built; P. 2370.

DETROIT, a county and city of North America, United States, capital of Michigan territory, protected by a fort, on the w side of the strait, between lakes St. Clair and Erie, 18 m N of the latter; trade, barter of coarse European goods with the Indians for furs, deer-skins, &c., captured by the British in 1812, and restored at the peace; P. 2222: Lg. 82.56 w, Lt. 42.40 N.

DETTELBACH, a post-town of Bavaria, province Lower-Mayn, on the Mayn, 2 German miles by post-road E Würzburg, post-road to Bamberg; P. 2200.

DETTINGEN, a small post-village of Ger many, Bavaria, in Franconia, Lower-Mayn, on the Mayn, 2 German miles SE Hanau, post-road to Würzburg; battle with the French in 1743, gained by the British.

DEUCAR, a town of Asia, Hindostan, in the Nepaul territory, chief of a hilly district bordering on the province Oude, 96 m N Oude; Lg. 82.10 E, Lt. 28.96 N.

DEUTSCH-EILAU, or HAWA, a small post-town of Prussia, province West-Preussen, at the s extremity of lake Geserich, West-Prussia: Lg. 19.50 E, Lt. 53.32 N.

DEUTZ, a town of Prussia, on the right bank of the Rhine, opposite to Cologne, with which it communicates by a bridge of boats; at a short distance below is a flying-bridge; P. 2000.

DEUX-PONTS; see ZWEIBRÜKEN.

DEUX-SEVRES, a department of France, including the middle of the old province of Poitou, bounded by departments Mayenneet-Loire, La Vendée, La Charente-Inferieur, La-Charente, and La-Vienne; named after 2 rivers that have their sources in this department; one called Sevre-Niortois, flows w by St. Maixent, Niort, and Marans, into the bay-of-Biscay, opposite the isle of Ré; the other, Sevre-Nantois, flows NE by Cliffon, and joins the Loire opposite Nantes: Niort is the capital.

DEVA, a town of Austria, Transylvania, on the left bank of the Marosh, near the frontier of Hungary, 45 m w by N Hermanstadt; here are the ruins of a Roman citadel:

Lg. 22.45 E, Lt. 47.19.04 N,

DEVAPRAYAGA, a town of Asia, Hindostan, in Gurwal, at the junction of the Bhagirathi and Alacanandra, which forms the Ganges, which is considered by Hindoos very sacred; inhabited by Brahmins: 16 m w Serinagur.

DEVELTO, or ZAGORIA, a town of Europe, Turkey, in Bulgaria, near the Blacksea, 58 m NE Adrianople; the see of a Greek archbishop.

DEVENTER, a city of Holland, province Over-Yssel, and its capital, with a college, and surrounded by strong walls, on the Yssel, 50 m E by s Amsterdam: Lg. 6.10 E,

Lt. 52.15 N.

DEVICOTTA, a town and fort of Asia, Hindostan, in Tanjore, at the mouth of the Colran, 43 m s by w Pondichery, 62 m NE Tanjore.

DEVIZES, a town of England, county Wilts, returns 2 M.P., on the Kennet and Avon canal, 883 m w London. It contains 2 churches, a chapel of ease, and 4 dissenters' meeting-houses, a handsome townhall, jail, and grammar-school, with silk and woollen manufactures; market on Thurs

day. Here are the remains of a Roman castle; P. 4562.

DEVONPORT, a fortified seaport-town of England, county Devon, at the mouth of the Tamar, 2 m Nw Plymouth, and 217 wsw London; returns 2 M.P. In 1824, at the instance of the inhabitants, it received its present name, in lieu of Plymouth-dock. The streets are handsome, many of them long and straight, well-paved, lighted with gas, and clean; the dock-yard is one of the finest in the world, and the barracks are formed into squares, one floor high. Here are naval and military hospitals, &c., and the governor's house is handsome. The whole is enclosed within lines of respectable strength; P. 34,883.

DEVONSHIRE, a county of England, bounded on the Nw and N by the Bristolchannel, E by Somersetshire and Dorsetshire, SE and s by the English-channel, and w by Cornwall. It is 70 m long by 64, containing 1,650,560 acres; is divided into 32 hundreds, and 465 parishes; has 1 eity and 35 market-towns; returns 18 M.P., 4

of them for the county, and has 13 polling places. The air is so mild in the valleys, that the myrtle grows unsheltered; but it is cold and bleak on the mountains. The soil is various, the lower grounds being fertile, and the hills very barren. In the E part there is plenty of good corn, and fine pasturage for sheep, where the grounds are dry and chalky. The s part is remarkably fertile; and fruit trees are plentiful, especially apples, from which much cider is made. On the coast is found a peculiar rich sand, of singular service in husbandry. The middle part is occupied by the forest of Dartmoor. The w part abounds with game, especially hares, pheasants, and woodcocks; and here is a bird so very small, that it is reputed a humming-bird, and like that constructs its nest on the extreme branches of trees. Devonshire was formerly more celebrated for its mines than Cornwall; and although the latter has nearly monopolized the trade, the stannary laws in some degree remain in force. Here are veins of lead, tin, copper, and manganese; likewise quarries of good stone and slate, grea quantities of which are exported. In the sw parts are much marble, and in man places marble rocks are the basis of the high road. The principal rivers are the Tamar, Torridge, Taw, Ex, Teign, and Dart. Exeter is the capital; P. 343,001 in 1801, and 494,168 in 1831.

DEWARCOTE, a town of Asia, Hindos tan, in Gurwal, on the Ganges, 80 m Nw Seringanur.

DEWSBURY, a town of England, West Yorkshire, on the side of a hill, bank of the Calder, 5 m w by N Wakefield, and 187

www London. The manufactures are blankets and coarse broad-cloths; P. 8272.

DEYRAH, a town of Asia, Hindostan, Gurwal, on the confines of Delhi, 85 m w Serinagur; it is well-built.

DHOLPOOR, a town of Asia, Hindostan, in Agra, on the Chumbul, 34 m ssw Agra, with a fort.

DIACOVE, a British settlement of Africa, on the w coast of Guinea, defended by a fort, 50 m wsw Cape-Coast-Castle.

DIADIN, a town of Asia, Turkish Armenia, on the E branch of the Euphrates, near its source, 155 m ESE Erzerum. DIAMOND-HARBOUR,

Hoogly, or w branch of the Ganges. The Asia, in the East-India-Company's ships unload and load here. It is unhealthy.

DIARBEKIR, a province of Asia, Turkey, between the Tigris and Euphrates; bounded on the N by Armenia, E by Kurdistan, s by Irak, and w by Syria and Roum. It was the ancient Mesopotamia, and is sometimes called Algezira. It is exceedingly mounleys, which yield corn, wine, oil, fruit, and tainous, but interspersed with fertile valall the necessaries of life in abundance.

DIARBEKIR, a town of Asia, Turkey, capital of province Diarbekir, on the Tigris, 180 m NE Aleppo. It is the ancient Amida, and surrounded by a prodigious wall of black stone, built by the Romans. The castle is also surrounded by a strong wall, including many handsome buildings, where the pacha and his officers reside. The. Turks are more affable here than in other places with regard to the Christians, who are above 20,000 in number. It has manufactures of cotton, silk, copper, and iron, and a great trade in red Turkey-leather: Lg. 39.52 E, Lt. 37.56 N.

DIE, 2 in France:-1st, a town, department La-Drome, on the Drome, 24 m SE Valence; P. 4000.-2nd, a town, department Voges; P. 6850,

DIEGO-RAMIREZ, South America, a cluster of islands, about 70 m s Cape-Horn.

DIEPHOLZ, or DIEPHOLTZ, a post-town and district of Hannover, on the Hunte, 24 German m N by post-road, of Lembörde, post-road to Bremen. The manufactures are coarse woollen and linen-cloth; P. 1550. DIEMAN'S-LAND; see VAN-DIEMAN'S

LAND.

DIEPPE, a seaport town of France, department Seine-Inferieure, on the s coast of the English-channel, mouth of the Arques, 34 m N Rouen, 45 NE Havre, and 132 NW Paris. It was bombarded by the English in 1694 Lg. 1.4 E, Lt. 49.56 n.

DIERDORF, a post-town of Prussia, province Lower-Rhein, district Westerwald,