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104
109
B. General point of view of Socrates
C. Theory of knowledge of conceptions considered
D. Moral value of this theory
E. Its subjective character .
113
116
CHAPTER VII.
SUBSTANCE OF THE TEACHING OF SOCRATES-ETHICS.
PAGE
A. The subject-matter restricted to Ethics
134
B. Virtue is knowledge—the leading thought of the
Socratic Ethics
140
C. The Good and Eudæmonism-
1. Theoretically Virtue is knowledge about the Good
147
2. Practically the Good determined by custom or
utility
148
3. Inconsistency of Socratic Morality
151
D. Particular Moral Relations-
160
1. Personal independence
161
2. Friendship
163
3. The State
165
4. Universal philanthropy
170
.
CHAPTER VIII.
SUBSTANCE OF THE TEACHING OF SOCRATES, CONTINUED.
NATURE-GOD-MAN.
A. View of Nature
172
B. Notion of God and the Worship of God
1. Language about the Gods taken from popular use
2. God conceived as the Reason of the world
3. The Worship of God
C. Dignity and Immortality of man
175
176
177
178
CHAPTER IX.
XENOPHON AND PLATO.
SOCRATES AND THE SOPHISTS.
A. Value of Xenophon as an authority-
1. Xenophon in harmony with Plato and Aristotle .
2. Schleiermacher's objections refuted
B. Importance of Socrates for the age in which he lived
C. Relation of Socrates to the Sophists .
181
183
185
187
CHAPTER X.
THE TRAGIC END OF SOCRATES.
A. Circumstances connected with his trial and death -
1. The Accusation
193
2. The Defence
196
3. The Sentence
198
4. His Death
200
B. Causes which led to his sentence
202
1. The Sophists innocent .
2. Personal animosity only partially the cause
205
3. Political party-feeling only partially involved 210
4. The teaching of Socrates generally believed to be
dangerous
213
C. Justification of the sentence
220
1. Unfounded charges brought against Socrates . 220
2. The views of Socrates subversive of old views of
authority-political life-religion
226
3. Relation borne by his views to cotemporary views 231
4. Result of his death
235
264
C. Eristic
1. Euclid .
2. Eubulides .
3. Alexinus
4. Diodorus on Motion-Destruction—the Possible
5. Philo. The Possible-Hypothetical sentences-
Meaning of words
6. Stilpo. Subject and Predicate—the Good-Cynic
Morality
265
268
269
273
275
A. History of the Cynics
B. Teaching of the Cynics
1. Depreciation of theoretical knowledge
2. Logic
C. Cynic theory of Morality-
291
295
1. Negative conditions—Good and Evil
2. Positive side- Virtue
3. Wisdom and Folly
301
310
313
314
315
D. Practical results of Cynic teaching
1. Renunciation of Self
2. Renunciation of Society. Family Life-Civil Life
– Modesty
3. Renunciation of Religion
E. Cynic influence on Society
319
327
331
CHAPTER XIV.
THE CYRENAICS.
337
344
346
347
352
354
356
A. History of the Cyrenaics
B. Teaching of the Cyrenaics .
1. General position
2. Feelings the only object of knowledge
3. Pleasure and pain
4. The Highest Good
5. Modified form of the extreme view
C. Practical Life of the Cyrenaics
D. Relation of their teaching to Socrates
1. Relation of their philosophy
2. Points of resemblance
E. The later Cyrenaics
1. Theodorus
2. Hegesias
3. Anniceris
361
369
375
376
380
383
CHAPTER XV.
RETROSPECT.
386
A. Inconsistencies of the imperfect Socratic Schools
B. These Schools more closely related to Socrates than to
the Sophists
C. Importance of these Schools
387
389
INDEX
393